Can solar power diversify the energy mix in Costa Rica?

While hydroelectric power dominates the energy mix at approximately 80% of electricity production, solar energy, though currently a smaller contributor, holds significant potential to diversify and stabilize the grid. This paper investigates Costa Rica’s renewable energy journey, emphasizing solar power’s evolving role.

Can solar power improve Costa Rica's energy security?

Solar energy, though currently a minor player, offers untapped potential to enhance Costa Rica’s energy security. The country’s tropical climate ensures consistent sunlight, making solar PV systems ideal for both utility-scale and distributed generation.

How can Costa Rica decarbonise its energy system?

New techniques and technologies will be needed to decarbonise these areas. Costa Rica’s energy policy aims to move from a fossil fuels based energy system towards renewable energy sources and to expand its power generation capacity, replacing old power generating stations and developing new projects.

What percentage of Costa Rica's electricity comes from renewable sources?

About 98 % of Costa Rica's electricity comes from renewable sources like hydropower, wind, geothermal, and solar energy, positioning it as a global leader in the transition to a low-carbon economy [, ].

Is solar a viable energy source in Costa Rica?

Critically, the literature reveals gaps in solar-specific research for Costa Rica. While hydroelectric and geothermal energy dominate academic focus, solar remains underrepresented, despite its potential to address energy security and grid stability.

Is Costa Rica a leader in solar energy in Central America?

Research by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA, 2020) identifies Costa Rica as a potential leader in solar energy within Central America, given its high solar potential averaging 4.5-5.5 kWh/m²/day, yet notes that policy incentives lag behind those for other renewables.